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Taekwondo a self defense art
using hands and feet to repel an enemy, has been developed
independently over 20 centuries in Korea. Its origins can
be traced to the three kingdoms periods in Korean history.
In Koguryo, the ancient kingdom to the north, mural paintings
discovered among the ruins of the royal tombs, built between
3 AD and 427 AD, show scenes of Taekwondo practices. In the
southeast portion of Korea, the smallest kingdom known as
Silla, one can see two giant statues in Taekwondo stances,
which guard the meditating Buddha at Sokkuram ruins, located
a Kyongju.
The earliest known style of self-defense in Korea was called
Soo Bak Do. Loosely translated as the way of punching and
butting, Soo Bak Do was most popular among the peasant and
city dwellers as a sport and a form of unarmed self-defense.
Later during the three kingdoms periods in approximately the
fifth century AD, a cadre of young aristocrats came together
as a special class of military leaders and warriors to defend
the Korean kingdom of Silla. Known as the HwaRang or flowering
youth, these Korean aristocrats combined the principals of
Soo Bak Do with the adapted fighting styles of wild animals
found in the Korean wilderness.
During the Jo Sun dynasty, 1392-1910, the court religion
was Confucianism, which encouraged scholarly and literary
pursuits and ignored the martial arts. However, Korean martial
arts were still widely practiced, until the start of the Japanese
occupation in 1910 when all fighting arts were prohibited
and forced underground.
Today Taekwondo is the most
recognized Korean martial art. Taekwondo first came to be
recognized as a system for self-defense in the 1950's, when
a group of leading Korean martial artists came together and
unified their various art forms under a single style of hand
and feet fighting. They named their style Taekwondo and in
the last 40 years, have developed it into one of the most
effective styles of unarmed self-defense in the world today.
In the Do Jang, the student not only develops their body,
but the mind as well. With the physical exercise of stretching,
strengthening, drilling and sparring, the Taekwondo student
learns respect for their instructors, senior students, classmates
and themselves. The development and cultivation of good character
and a correct attitude is the central theme in the teaching
of Taekwondo.
The study of Taekwondo is a very fulfilling experience. As
an art form, you study traditional (yet ever evolving) movements
passed from generations of Korean martial art masters. As
a philosophy you practice the virtues of respect, humility
and self-discipline. As a form of physical fitness, you stretch,
strengthen, tone and coordinate your body. As a sport, you
are given an opportunity to safely and regularly demonstrate
your martial arts skill without unnecessarily endangering
others, and as a form of self-defense, Taekwondo teaches you
a complete and effective means by which you can protect yourself
and those in need.
On June 25, 1961 the Korean Tae Soo Do Association was formed
and was recognized on that date by the Korean Amateur Athletic
Union. The following October, Taekwondo became an official
event at the 43rd annual National Athletic meet. On March
of 1965, the name was officially changed to the Korean Taekwondo
Association. The six major schools represented were Ji Do
Kwan, Mo Do Kwan, Chang Moo Kwan, Song Moo Kwan, Chung Do
Kwan and Han Moo Kwan.
By this time Taekwondo had spread worldwide and an effective
regulating body was needed. In May of 1973, the World Taekwondo
Federation was formed at the Kukkiwon, the central Taekwondo
gymnasium in Seoul, and elected Mr. Um Yong Kim to be the
president. Through his hard work and dedication Taekwondo
debuted as an Olympic demonstration sport in 1988 in Seoul,
Korea. It became an Official Olympic sport in the 2000 games
in Sydney, Australia.
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